Details: Internet Protocol
Internet Protocol, or IP as it is often referred to as, is used to
communicate data across networks known as packet-switched internetworks.
You may recognize “IP” from the term “TCP/IP.” TCP/IP is a collection of
communications protocols, including Internet Protocol, used on the
Internet and other types of networks. TCP stands for Transmission
Control Protocol. Together with Internet Protocol, TCP/IP has evolved to
contain additional communications protocols which are categories into
the following four “layers”: Application, Transport, Internet, and Link.
The Internet Protocol falls under the Internet layer. Its job is to
deliver “packets” of data from the source to destination host based on
an address known as an IP address. The original IP address structure is
now referred to as IPv4 (Internet Protocol Version Six). IPv4 uses
32-bit addresses such as 192.168.0.0. Over 4.2 billion IP addresses are
possible. However, that limit is being reached, necessitating the
introduction of IPv6 which uses 128-bit addresses and vastly expands the
possible number of unique IP addresses. Each computer on a network has
its own unique IP address that identifies it. When you send and receive
information over the Internet, the data is broken into packets and
delivered to the assigned IP address. The Internet Protocol does the
delivering while Transmission Control Protocol puts all the packets back
together.
Associated Applications:
TCP/IP, IPv4, IPv6, Web browsers, email clients
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